Risk of malignant childhood germ cell tumors in relation to demographic, gestational, and perinatal characteristics
A partir des données du registre californien des cancers portant sur 451 patients atteints d'une tumeur des cellules germinales et âgés de moins de 5 ans et sur 271 381 témoins, cette étude analyse les facteurs démographiques et gestationnels (complication pendant la grossesse, anomalie physique à la naissance) associés au risque de développer la maladie
Background : Childhood germ cell tumors (GCTs) are a rare assortment of neoplasms, with mostly unknown etiology, that are believed to originate very early in life. Few studies have examined risk factors by histologic subtype, despite evidence of different risk profiles. Materials and methods : In this population-based case-control study, 451 childhood malignant GCT cases ages 0–5 years were identified from the California Cancer Registry. Differentiating between common histologic subtypes, we identified 181 yolk sac tumors, 216 teratomas, and 54 rarer subtypes. Cases were linked to their birth certificates and 271,381 controls, frequency matched by birth year, were randomly selected from California birthrolls to investigate the contributions of demographic, gestational, and pregnancy factors using unconditional logistic regression analysis. Results : Compared to non-Hispanic whites, Asian/Pacific Islander children were at an increased risk for developing GCTs (odds ratio [OR] = 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.47, 2.56). Among pregnancy complications and procedures, yolk sac tumors were positively associated with the presence of fetopelvic disproportion (OR = 2.97; 95% CI = 1.55, 5.68), while teratomas were strongly associated with polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios (OR = 14.76; 95% CI = 7.21, 30.19) and the presence of an ear, face, or neck anomaly at birth (OR = 93.70; 95% CI = 42.14, 208.82). Conclusions : Malignant yolk sac tumors and malignant teratomas exhibited distinct demographic and gestational characteristics; additionally, complications in pregnancy and labor may be brought on by specific histologic subtypes.
Cancer Epidemiology 2017